The purpose of bariatric surgery is to decrease the volume of the stomach. In bariatric surgery, operations are usually performed laparoscopically from small incisions. Thus, patients experience a more comfortable recovery period compared to open surgery. The surgical methods decided according to the BMI and general condition of the patient are listed below:
Intra-gastric balloon:
It is done by the endoscopic method (also known as gastroscopy). It is also a method that does not require hospitalization and general anesthesia. An adjustable soft balloon filled with air or saltwater is placed inside the stomach. Consequently, the stomach volume is reduced and a feeling of satiety is created in the patient.
Gastric band:
An adjustable silicone gastric tape is placed where the esophagus meets the stomach. With this band, the person’s food intake is reduced. It can be performed laparoscopically. Therefore, the patient can return to his daily life in a very short time. The patient may lose 60-80 percent of their excess weight within 18-24 months. However, the patient should follow his doctor’s orders and dietitian’s suggestions during the postoperative period.
Sleeve gastrectomy (gastric sleeve):
Decreasing the volume of the stomach is the main purpose of this surgery. By doing so, the patient feel full quickly with little food intake. For this purpose, the surgeon removes a certain part (about 80 percent) of the stomach, and a long, tube-shaped pouch is left behind. In addition, since the part of the stomach that releases the hunger hormone is removed, the patient does not feel hungry. The patient can return to his daily life in a very short time. After the operation, patients can feel satiety easily by taking less food. After a while, this turns into a loss of appetite. The patient may lose 80-90% of the excess weight within a few years after surgery.
Gastric bypass:
Bypassing most of the stomach, a small volume pouch is created. This pouch is then connected to the small intestine. In this way, a conscious absorption disorder is created by preventing food from following the normal path. After this type of surgery, the patient is provided with the necessary vitamin and mineral supplements, and the patient returns home within 1 week.
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